Saturday, December 28, 2019

Human Trafficking in Alaska - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 991 Downloads: 7 Date added: 2019/05/15 Category Society Essay Level High school Tags: Human Trafficking Essay Did you like this example? The number of human trafficking cases reported in Alaska is very small compared to other states with the highest occurrence such as California and New York, however it is important to note that the crime DOES occur in Alaska. According to the statistics provided by the National Human Trafficking Hotline (NHTH), which recorded the signals that referenced Alaska each year, a total of approximately 277 calls and 63 cases has been reported since 2007 to June 2018; in 2018, 29 calls and 12 cases has been reported in which 80 victims had high indicators of human trafficking, while 47 were moderate (Alaska). The data were then divided into respective categories that reveal the age, gender, type of trafficking, and citizenship of the victims. In their 2015 state report, NHTH ranked Anchorage 78th in the total number of calls (113), 77th for the number of calls per capita (38), 83rd in total number of cases (19), and 85th for cases per capita (Ranking of the 100 Most Populous U.S. Cit ies). Alaskas ranking in NHTHs report indicate that although its not on top of the list, the state definitely does not have the lowest rate of human trafficking. A recently published study by Loyola University New Orleans revealed further information regarding human trafficking in Anchorage. Researchers from the study conducted a survey in ten cities across the country and found that of the homeless youngsters that were receiving assistance from the Anchorage shelter, 1 in 4 girls and 1 in 5 boys reported being victims of sex trafficking (Boots). With Anchorage having the largest population in the state of Alaska, this statistic indicates large numbers of trafficking cases. Of the ten cities studied, Anchorage ranked the highest in terms of trafficking prevalence. In her interview of 65 teens that utilize the Covenant House in Anchorage in 2016, the author of the Loyola study†Laura Murphy†discovered that of the 65 individuals, 27% of women and 17% of men were victims of sex trafficking, while 43% of LGBT youths faced hiring discrimination for jobs that had pushed them into the sex market (Boots). Criminals force or exploit their targets, but circumstances also play a role in occurrence of the crime†situations forced by our societys lack of empathy. A wide range of factors including homelessness, mental health disorders, trauma, and time in foster care all contribute to the vulnerability of Alaskas youths and children to human trafficking. In the Loyola study, a large number of the victims originally lived far from Anchorage and they couldnt go back home [and] didnt want to go home (Boots). This caused them to either be homeless or seek refuge in covenant houses, increasing their chances of being a victim due to their lack of awareness about the crimes nature. Murphy also discovered from her interviewees that 77 percent of youths trafficked for sex were homeless at the time it happened (Boots). Various factors determine peoples suscepti bility to human trafficking however it seems that homeless is on top of the ladder. Mental disorders, trauma, and substance abuse also play a role in ones vulnerability to this crime. Josh Louwerse, a youth engagement program coordinator in Anchorage, claimed that refugees in the shelter experienced trauma in some ways and 40% of youths served by the shelter have a mental health diagnosis (OMalley). The combination of these two factors reduces a persons capacity to thoroughly evaluate situations and therefore will most likely become a victim. A separate situation from the study also revealed that the staff of Covenant House worked with 20 teens (all had mental disorders) who had experienced trafficking after traveling to different towns to seek medical assistance only to be soon discharged without a place to stay in (Boots). These individuals become homeless, and in their desperation to meet their basic needs, will fall victim to human trafficking. In an interview with Heidi Ros s, a convicted sex trafficker, she claimed that the majority of the youths that sought her shared similar conditions: homeless, substance abuser, emotionally unstable, and had difficult childhood (OMalley). Assuming the responsibility of and caring for her mother who suffered from Schizophrenia, Ross knew and exploited the weakness of these teenagers for her own profit. In addition to psychological and physical factors, the economy also contributes to the widespread incidence of human trafficking. With Alaskas increasing popularity as a tourist spot and the demand for sex, the tourism industry incites the sex trade. Some offenders also bring their victims in Alaska and prefer Native Alaskan women because of the high pay for sex in Alaska. Anyone can become a victim of human trafficking, but the most vulnerable includes children (teens), those with devastating past or experienced abuse, and poverty-stricken individuals or from other countries, and Native Americans. Alaskas e xcessively high rate of domestic violence contribute to the idea that runaway teens are easy targets for traffickers one in three kids on the street will be forced into prostitution (Pavlakis). To escape the pain that children endure from their abusive parent(s), they tend to run away from home, allowing traffickers to take advantage of their ignorance. Numerous people of all types, both citizens and immigrants, come to Alaska for one major reason: to seek opportunities for a better life. According to Nila Fankhouser, a social service consultant, immigrants and refugees who are unable to speak and understand English easily fall victims to traffickers because they often do not know who to trust or who to contact if they are in trouble (Pavlakis). With the language barrier and their lack of awareness and assistance, these groups will most likely accept any job offers from anyone and fail to recognize the danger that looms nearby. Native Alaskans also face danger in their own home. Most traffickers prey on Native Alaskan women and younger children moving from rural villages to Anchorage, believing that their ethnicity will appeal to more buyers (Pavlakis). Depending on the customers background, they may not know the ethnicity of the women and traffickers can advertise them as a different race. Troy Williams particularly targeted teenage Alaska Natives with similar backgrounds: Don’t waste time! 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Friday, December 20, 2019

The Map of Art History Uses Order and Classification by...

The Map of Art History essay is about how art history uses disciplines in societies to represents itself through order and classification. From many observations and theories it considers three subject: first is the listing of fields in art history, second is the library system is for categorizing art books, and third is the plotting of space and time in art history from survey texts. Also in the discussion the writer talks about the geography of art history such as where does the idea appear from? Other questions he asked was how and why do disciplinary classifications aspire are global remain local? What are the consequences of our continued use of mappings that have their beginnings and backgrounds in geopolitical spaces that no longer†¦show more content†¦In the subject of field for art history Robert pointed out the art is found in all categories except for the unknown era of the Renaissance all the way to the 19th and 20th century in Europe also the African Diaspora. In this part of where he is examining the fields Robert shows the history of how art progress through the globe and similar styles of art like the European art are shown in the north and south of America. He also calls forth the Art Criticism and Theory which is to be the only category to be critical and theoretical. Criticism in art is what demonstrates the discipline in art history for rejection or approval of the work. According to Robert’s argument he also claims that the library system is for categorizing art books, his statement was that â€Å"every book creates order, individually and collectively. The order of a single book is a function of its written discourse, but the order of a group of books is greater than the sum of their texts. † (The Map of Art History, 30). By his statement he meant that books are disciplinary and hold so much order and control over society because of the knowledge it provides in history. Mevil Dewey was a leader of the classificatio n movement and the creator of the system that holds his name, stretching the educational mission of new public libraries, because of his mission,Show MoreRelatedPractical Guide to Market Research62092 Words   |  249 Pagespublisher’s prior consent in any form of binding or cover other than that in which it is published and without a similar condition including this condition being imposed on the subsequent purchaser. A CIP record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN 1-905529-30-9 Contents Page Preface Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Bibliography The Basics of Market Research Research Objectives Research Design An IntroductionRead MoreMarketing Management130471 Words   |  522 Pagesany time on societal limit strive to exchange something of value with another social unit. Marketing consists of all the activities to facilitate the exchange. 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Thursday, December 12, 2019

Aretha Franklin free essay sample

Discusses the life and career of the African-American soul singer who blended gospel and popular styles. Aretha Franklin did more than any other artist to bring the forms and spirit of African-American gospel music into the popular arena. Franklin possesses one of the finest voices in the world and, throughout the late 1960s and the 1970s, she created a stream of hit records that helped define black popular music of the time. Whatever labels, soul, or rhythm and blues, or rock and roll, are placed on her music, Franklin was the primary force in combining the sound and feeling of one major American art form with another. The history of African American music has been characterized by cross-pollination among various forms. Country blues, urban blues, New Orleans Jazz, Bebop, big-band jazz, and rhythm and blues, have all influenced each other profoundly. These influences flowed back and forth among the various forms. We will write a custom essay sample on Aretha Franklin or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page But

Wednesday, December 4, 2019

First Degree Price Discrimination Establoshed Organization

Question: Describe about the First Degree Price Discrimination for Establoshed Organization. Answer: 1 (a) the design of such a pricing mechanism Price discrimination is a competitive practices used by superior, established organizations aiming at gaining from different in demand and supply activity from consumers. Price discrimination is the estimating system that occurs where a firm charges the different cost to different consumers for a similar service or good. A business can improve its profits by charging each buyer highest amount he will pay, eliminating the consumer supply, yet it is frequently a mechanism to determine what that exact cost is for every buyer. If one wants price discrimination to be successful, the business has to understand their consumers base alongside its requirements. The business should also acknowledge the different types of price discrimination used as a part of economic aspects (Holmes 2011). The most widely used types price discrimination are to 1st, 2nd and 3rd degree price discrimination. In an ideal business context, firms will have the capability to eliminate every consumer surplus via 1st degree price discrimination. This type of pricing strategy occur where a business can clearly determine the price every customer can pay for a given product and selling such commodity at the mentioned exact price. In some businesses, for example, used truck or car deals, a need to negotiate eventual price tag is mechanism of buying process. The business selling the used car can acquire data via through information mining associating with each consumers previous purchasing habits, wage, expenditure plan as well as most extreme possible output to determine what to charge for each car sold. The above pricing strategy is monotonous and tough to perfect for many businesses, but it allows the seller capture the most astounding amount of available profit for each transaction. (b) What a supplier needs to know in order to use this scheme There are certain conditions that the seller must know to use this kind of price discrimination. These conditions include: The business has to be operated under imperfect competition. The trader must be a price maker and must have a descending slopping demand curve. The business has to distinguish the markets as well as prohibit resale. For example, halting a mature person using a ticket for a child. Separate groups of consumers have to possess elasticity of demand. For instance, learners who have low income are more sensitive to price elasticity. The sellers will have to set output as well as price where the marginal revenue is equivalent to marginal cost. In case of two sub markets with separate elasticity of demand. The seller must increase the profit by establishing dissimilar prices based on demand curve slope. Thus, for a cohort like mature persons, the PED will remain inelastic and hence the price will be a greater price. On the other hand, for a group like students, the demand is elasticity and hence there will be a lower price. The price will be maximized at the point whereby the MC= MR. This is due to the inelastic demand in market (A) leading to a greater price established. Conversely, in market B, the demand is more price elastic, and, hence profit maximizing price is inferior. (c) What constraints are faced in the use of the technique? The first degree price discrimination is time-consuming and hard to perfect for many businesses. It is hard to attain the first degree price discrimination. An instance regards roadside produce stand. The prices will be fluctuating on the basis of the type of the automobile consumer drives and the place he comes from. An individual driving a Lincoln with New York plates will likely pay a premium for a boiled peanuts at a roadside stand in Georgia. In many occasions, business find it hard to use this type of price discrimination. This is because the consumers preferences are never fully revealed. Also, the cost of disclosing such preferences could be prohibitive. In this case, the difference in willingness-to pay among the consumers for products and marginal cost of producing product can be much exploited. The goods are also sold in bundles which requires the buyers to purchase a package or sometimes set the various products instead of certain subset of products (Schwartz 2010). Even though it might be an efficient mechanism for improving the profit where consumers show heterogeneous demands, the businesses are not able to effectively segment consumers on the basis of preferences and subsequently price discriminate. Bundling is only effective where demands of the consumers are highly negatively correlated which is not always the case. (ii) Describe a real-world example of this price discrimination strategy The first degree price discrimination has been used in two part tariffs. The price is discriminated on fees of the entrance. It is attained via the coupons as well as discounts based on age or affiliation in some societies. For instance, Disneyland opened in 1955 in local Anaheim located in California. It used a two-part tariff in 1950s and 1960s. The price for admission was being charged together with individual attraction cost. Ticket cost for these attractions were diverse. Rides such as Dumbo costed the lowest (Schmalensee 2010). This was an A ticket and rides such as Caribbeans Pirates costed the highest. This was an E ticket. A two-part tariff can also solely assumes one consumer. In this case, a business establishes an entrance fee which takes all the consumer surplus. As shown below: At p=SMC, the entrance fee will take all consumer surplus indicated by the area, p1AB. The price p1 set results in output Q1. The profit of the firm is the equivalent to the first-degree price discrimination, FABE. In this case, there is no deadweight loss. Nevertheless, there could be social-wellbeing insinuations from the surplus transfer from customers to companies. Producers can as well as employ a two-part tariff in the tie-sales pricing (Ulph and Vulkan 2000). This is where a firm with the power of monopoly will need consumers to buy two or more complementary products. For instance, up until 1960 (late), IBM needed buyers who bought an IBM computer to buy their punch cards as well. They priced the computers at the perfectly competitive prices and employed the monopoly pricing for the punch cards, where the marginal revenue was equated to SMC less than p. References Holmes, T.J., 2011. The effects of third-degree price discrimination in oligopoly. The American Economic Review, 79(1), pp.244-250. Schmalensee, R., 2010. Output and welfare implications of monopolistic third-degree price discrimination. The American Economic Review, 71(1), pp.242-247. Schwartz, M., 2010. Third-degree price discrimination and output: generalizing a welfare result. The American Economic Review, 80(5), pp.1259-1262. Ulph, D. and Vulkan, N., 2000. Electronic commerce and competitive first-degree price discrimination (pp. 1-14). University of Bristol, Department of Economics.